darulmaarif.net – Indramayu, 19 March 2026 | 10.00 WIB
The month of Ramadan is not just a moment to endure hunger and thirst, but also a spiritual madrasa to cleanse the soul from various immoral impurities. Ideal fasting from a sharia perspective is not only valid outwardly, but also has perfect value inwardly. Therefore, the ulama always emphasize the importance of taking care of the body parts—mouth, eyes, ears and heart—so as not to damage the rewards of the fast that is being undertaken.
One of the questions that often arises in the community is related to terms control of lust (seeing lustfully). What does it actually mean? Is just looking at a beautiful woman and admiring her in your heart already included in that category?
Meaning Control of lust
Linguistically, control means to see, whereas bi lust means accompanied by lust or sexual stimulation. Thus, control of lust is a view accompanied by desire, desire, or inner enjoyment of the object being seen.
The scholars explained that looking at something haram intentionally and accompanied by lust is an immoral act. As for just looking without the element of lust – for example looking and then at a glance the thought of “beautiful” – as long as it is not accompanied by lust or is repeated intentionally, then it does not automatically fall into the category control of lust. However, it is still recommended to immediately lower your gaze.
Can you break your fast?
In the turots fiqh literature, scholars from four schools of thought agree that immorality such as lying, backbiting, fighting against each other, false oaths, and seeing with lust does not break the fast legally (fiqh). This means that fasting is still valid and does not require qodlo.
This is different from things that explicitly invalidate fasting, such as eating, drinking, jima’, menstruation, childbirth, and apostasy.
The hadith that is often quoted:
Five things that break the fast: lying, backbiting, backbiting, false oaths, and lustful looks
Meaning: “Five things that invalidate a person’s fasting: lying, backbiting, fighting against each other, false oaths, and seeing lust.”
The scholars consider this hadith to be problematic from the sanad side. Imam an-Nawawi explains in Al-Majmu’ (6/356):
“This hadith is false and cannot be used as proof. However, some scholars such as al-Mawardi and al-Mutawalli interpret it as the loss of the reward for fasting, not the breaking of the fast itself.”
This explanation is reinforced by the information in Nashb ar-Royah (2/483) that this hadith was considered fake by a number of hadith experts, as well as by Imam as-Subuki who considered it dhaif even though its meaning was shohih.
Al-Subki said: The hadith of five things that break the fast of the fasting person, backbiting, gossip, etc., is weak, even though it is authentic.
Meaning: “Imam as-Subuki said: ‘And the hadith of five things that cancel (the reward) of fasting, namely backbiting, fighting against each other and so on, is weak even though (its meaning) is authentic.” (Al-Iqna 1/220]
Fasting is valid, but rewards can be lost
Even though it does not break the fast, immoral acts can damage or even invalidate the rewards of fasting. This is confirmed in the authentic hadith narrated by Imam al-Bukhori:
Whoever does not abandon false speech and puts it into practice, then Allah does not need him to abandon his food and drink
Meaning: “Whoever does not abandon false speech and false deeds, then Allah does not need him to abandon eating and drinking.”
Al-Awza’i’s opinion was answered by the ulama as stated by Imam an-Nawawi as follows:
Our friends responded to these hadiths, except the last one, by saying that what is meant by the perfection of fasting and its virtue is guarding it from nonsense and evil, not that the fast is broken. The last hadith, “Five people break the fast of the fasting person”, is a false hadith which cannot be used as a proof. Al-Mawardi, Al-Mutawali, and others responded by saying that what is meant is the cancellation of rewards, which is not the same as fasting.
Meaning: “Our friends (Shafi’iyyah scholars) answered regarding these hadiths apart from the last hadith, that what is meant by perfection of fasting and the virtues required can be obtained by guarding oneself from useless actions and dirty words, not that fasting can be broken because of it. al-Mawardi, al-Mutawalli and other than both, that what is meant by hadith is canceling the reward of fasting, not the essence of fasting itself.” (Al-Majmu’ syarah muhadzad 6/356)
Imam ash-Shan’ani in Subulus Greetings (2/320) explains:
This hadith is proof of the prohibition against lying and practicing it, and the prohibition of stupidity for people who fast, and it is also haram for people who do not fast, unless the prohibition against it is as strong as the prohibition against adultery for parents and the arrogance of poor people.
Artinta: “This hadith is an argument for the prohibition of lying and lying as well as the prohibition of doing stupid things for those who fast, both of which are haram for those who do not fast as well, but the prohibition for those who fast is more emphasized, such as the prohibition of adultery for sheikhs (those who are elderly) and arrogance for the poor.” (Subulus Salam 2/320)
Likewise in another hadith:
People who fast may not get anything from their fast except hunger and thirst
Meaning: “How many people fast, but get nothing from their fasting other than hunger and thirst.” (HR. Imam al-Hakim)
Imam Ibn Ash-Shabbagh in Al-Bayan fi Madzhab ash-Shafi’i (3/536) emphasized:
As for the hadith: what is meant is the loss of reward, so it enters into the meaning of the person who breaks the fast, as he said – may Allah bless him and give him peace -: “Whoever says to his brother when the imam is giving a sermon: Listen… there is no Friday prayer for him.” What he means is not that his prayer is canceled, but what he means is that his reward is forfeited, so that is included in the definition of someone who does not pray.
Meaning: “The hadith in question is to cancel the reward of fasting, so it has the meaning of something that breaks fasting, for example the hadith of the Prophet SAW: “Whoever says to his brother when the imam is preaching, be quiet, then there is no Friday for him, this hadith does not mean that his prayer is cancelled, but what is meant is that the reward of Friday is lost so it becomes the meaning of someone who does not pray.” (Al-Bayan fi Madzhabi Syafi’i, 3/536)
Confirmation of the Ulama
Many scholars emphasize that the essence of fasting is to refrain from all forms of immorality. In Mirqotul MafatihIt is explained that people who do not guard their tongues from lies and backbiting, fasting only results in hunger and thirst.
Likewise in Ghizaul Albabconfirmed that:
“Fasting is not just refraining from eating and drinking, but also refraining from idle words and vile deeds.”
Meanwhile, Syelh Yusuf al-Qaradawi explained that the fasting that is accepted is fasting that forms piety as Allah says in the QS. al-Baqoroh verse 183. If sins continue to be committed, then the essence of fasting is lost.
From the description above it can be concluded:
- Nadzar bi lust is seeing accompanied by the urge of lust or inner pleasure.
- Merely looking without lust does not fall into this category, but it is still recommended to maintain one’s gaze.
- Immoral acts such as looking with lust do not break the fast according to fiqh.
- However, this immorality can be abort or reduce the reward of fasting.
- Perfect fasting is fasting that protects the body and mind from all forms of sin.
Finally, Ramadan is a golden opportunity to improve your quality. Don’t let us only get hungry and thirsty, but lose the spiritual value which is the main purpose of fasting itself.
Hope it is useful. Wallohu a’lam.
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